Prolactin secretion is inhibited by dopaminergic pathway. Hyperprolactinaemia can be caused by Dopamine receptor antagonists (many antipsychotic drugs e.g. phenothiazines, risperidone), hypothyroidism, liver or renal failure, pituitary adenoma

/acromegaly. It leads to galactorrhoea and osteoporosis/osteopenia. Treatment is with

dopamine receptor agonists (bromocriptine, cabergoline).