Thiazides block Na+ and Cl- reabsorption in the distal tubule. There is usually passive Na+ and Cl- co
transport. With this blocked, natriuresis occur. The distal convoluted tubule
accounts for 5% of total
sodium chloride
reabsorption. Thiazides elevate LDL
cholesterol, reduce urinary
calcium excretion and can
cause impotence. Hypercalciuria can
be treated with thiazides.
Thiazides can cause thrombocytopaenia, hypokalaemia (blocking NaCl channels), and
hyperuricaemia.
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